Pecan cultivars
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'Lipan' (nut photo, shuck photo, tree form) 'Lipan' originated from a controlled cross (Cheyenne X Pawnee) made in Brownwood, Texas, in 1986. It was tested as 1986-03-0624 and released by USDA-ARS in 2011. 'Lipan' was released because of its high nut quality, high yield potential, medium early nut maturity, and excellent scab disease resistance. Pecans from this cultivar can be sold in-shell or shelled to produce a large proportion of halves and large pieces. In a 13 year replicated yield test at Brownwood, TX, 'Lipan' had yields intermediate to 'Pawnee' and 'Desirable'. It appears to be regular in its yield, increasing yields with increasing age with little alternate bearing. Nuts weigh about 10.4 g each (44 nuts/lb) and shell out about 55 % kernel. Kernels are cream to golden in color, with open, non-trapping dorsal grooves and a rounded dorsal ridge. The nut is oblong elliptic, with a slightly pointed apex and rounded base. Like its parent 'Pawnee', nuts have greater height than width (laterally compressed). The shell suture is very strong, and should be very resistant to splitting if harvest is delayed. Time of spring budbreak is comparable to 'Pawnee' and 'Desirable'. 'Lipan' is protandrous, with early to mid-season pollen shed and mid to late season pistil receptivity (similar to Pawnee). 'Lipan' should be a good pollenizer for, and be well pollenized by Kanza, Wichita and Lakota. Time of nut maturity is medium early or about two weeks after 'Pawnee' and two weeks before 'Desirable'. 'Lipan' is resistant to scab disease, with medium susceptibility to yellow and black aphids.
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